[{"type":"paragraph","text":"Onychomycosis, commonly known as nail fungus, is one of the most prevalent nail disorders seen in dermatology practice. It accounts for about 50% of all nail abnormalities. The infection causes nails to become discoloured (yellow, brown, or white), thickened, brittle, and crumbly. Toenails are more commonly affected than fingernails. Risk factors include diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, immunosuppression, advancing age, and prolonged moisture exposure. Diagnosis is confirmed through KOH examination and fungal culture. Treatment includes topical antifungal lacquers (ciclopirox, amorolfine) for mild cases and oral antifungals (terbinafine, itraconazole) for moderate to severe infections."}]
